落叶乔木树叶存在期短，一年内叶子便会全数脱落，全部老叶脱落后便进入休眠时期。一般绝大多数的落叶树都处于温带气候条件下，夏天繁茂、冬天落叶，少数树种可以带着枯叶而越冬，今天小编就为大家介绍下园林绿化中常见的30种落叶乔木。 Deciduous trees leaves existence period short, leaves will fall out all within a year, after all the old leaves fall off into a period of dormancy. Generally most deciduous trees in temperate climates, summer and winter leaves, a few species can take the dead leaves and wintering, small make up today is to introduce the common in the botanical garden afforestation under 30 species of deciduous trees. 1.核桃，胡桃科胡桃属 1. Walnut, walnut walnut genera 学名：Juglans regia Scientific name: Juglans regia 识别要点：落叶乔木，高达3—5m，树皮灰白色，浅纵裂，枝条髓部片状，幼枝先端具细柔毛；2年生枝常无毛。 Identify key points: deciduous trees, up to 3-5 m, bark gray, shallow longitudinal crack, pith of flake branches, young branch apex finely pilose; 2 years branches often glabrous. 生态习性：　喜光，耐寒，抗旱、抗病能力强，适应多种土壤生长，喜水、肥，同时对水肥要求不严，落叶后至发芽前不宜剪枝，易产生伤流。 Ecological habits: like light, hardy, drought resistance, disease resistance is strong, adapt to a variety of soil to grow, like water and fertilizer, as well as the sewage sludge is relaxed, deciduous after unfavorable pruning before germination and prone to bleeding. 园林用途：核桃树冠雄伟，树干洁白，枝叶繁茂，绿荫盖地，在园林中可作道路绿化，起防护作用。 Garden purpose: walnut majestic trees, white trunks, leafy, green shade cover, can make road greening in the garden, play a protective role. 2.核桃楸，胡桃科胡桃属 2. Chinese catalpa walnuts, walnut walnut genera 学名：Juglans mandshurica Maxim. Scientific name: Juglans mandshurica Maxim. 识别要点：树高可达20多米，胸径达70厘米。树皮灰色，浅纵裂。叶互生，奇数羽状复叶。花期4-5月，果实成熟期8-9月。 Identify key points: tree height of 20 meters, diameter at breast height of 70 cm. Bark gray, shallow longitudinal crack. Leaves alternate, odd pinnate. Flowering 4-5 months, fruit maturation August - September. 生态习性：喜光。耐寒性较强，但有干风吹袭时易引起干梢。适生于腐殖质深厚、湿润、排水良好的谷地或山坡下腹。 Ecological habits: very bright light. Cold resistance is stronger, but there are dry easy cause stem tip when the wind is blowing. Optimum born in humus, moist, well drained deep valley hillside or abdomen. 3.枫杨，胡桃科胡桃属 3. Chinese beech, walnut walnut genera 学名：China Wingnut ，Chinese Winged Nut，Chinese Ash Scientific name: China Wingnut, Chinese Winged Nut, Chinese Ash 识别要点：高达30米，胸径达1米；幼树树皮平滑，浅灰色，老时则深纵裂；小枝灰色至暗褐色，具灰黄色皮孔；芽具柄，密被锈褐色盾状着生的腺体。花期4-5月，果熟期8-9月。 Identify key points: up to 30 meters, diameter at breast height up to 1 m; Young trees bark smooth, light grey, when old deep slit; Branchlets gray to dark brown, with yellowish gray lenticels; Buds with handle, densely rusty brown thyroid glands are borne. Ripeness term flowering 4-5 months, 8 - September. 生态习性：喜光性树种，不耐庇荫，但耐水湿、耐寒、耐旱。深根性，主、侧根均发达，以深厚肥沃的河床两岸生长良好。 Ecological habits: xi optical tree species, not resistant to patronage, but resistance to wet, cold resistant and drought tolerant. Deep-rootedness, main, lateral root is developed to deep fertile river grew well on both sides. 园林用途：树冠广展，枝叶茂密，生长快速，根系发达，为河床两岸低洼湿地的良好绿化树种，既可以作为行道树，也可成片种植或孤植于草坪及坡地，均可形成一定景观。 Garden purpose: crown guangzhan, lush foliage, rapid growth, developed root system, a river on both sides of the low-lying wetland good greening tree species, both can be used as street trees, also can grow into or solitary rooted in the lawn and the slope land, all can become a landscape. 4.白桦，桦木科桦木属 4. White birch, betulaceae betula 学名：Betula platyphylla Suk Scientific name: Betula platyphylla Suk 识别要点：高达25m，胸径50cm；树冠卵圆形，树皮白色，纸状分层剥离，皮孔黄色。小枝细，红褐色，无毛，外被白色蜡 白桦林层。叶三角状卵形或菱状卵形。 Identify key points: up to 25 m, diameter at breast height 50 cm; Canopy ovoid, white bark, paper layered dissection, yellow lenticels. Branchlets thin, reddish brown, glabrous, white wax Birches layer. Lobes triangular ovate or oval diamond shape. 生态习性：喜光，不耐荫。耐严寒。对土壤适应性强，喜酸性土，沼泽地、干燥阳坡及湿润阴坡都能生长。 Ecological habits: very bright light, not the shade. Resistance to cold. On soil adaptability is strong, is fond of acid soil, swamp, dry sunny slope and wet shade can grow. 园林用途：白桦枝叶扶疏，姿态优美，尤其是树干修直，洁白雅致，十分引人注目。孤植、丛植于庭园、公园之草坪、池畔、湖滨或列植于道旁均颇 白桦酯醇美观。若在山地或丘陵坡地成片栽植，可组成美丽的风景林。 Garden use: birch branches pond, a beautiful gesture, especially make straight trunk, white refined, very conspicuous. Solitary, clump planting in garden, park lawn, pool, lake or avenue system on road are quite birch ester a nice view. If the mountain or hill slope piece planting, shall constitute a beautiful scenic beauty. 5.板栗，壳斗科栗属 5. Chinese chestnut, fagaceae chestnut genus 学名：Castanea mollissima Scientific name: Castanea mollissima 识别要点：大部分种类栗树都是20-40米高的落叶乔木，只有少数是灌木。各种栗树都结可以食用的坚果，单叶，椭圆或长椭圆状，10-30厘米长，4-10厘米宽，边缘有刺毛状齿。雌雄同株，雄花为直立柔荑花序，雌花单独或数朵生于总苞内。坚果包藏在密生尖刺地总苞内，总苞直径为5-11厘米，一个总苞内有1-7个坚果。花期5~6月；果熟期9~10月。 Identify key points: most kinds chestnut are 20-40 meters tall deciduous trees, only a few are shrubs. All kinds of chestnut bears edible nuts, simple, long oval or elliptical, 10 to 30 cm long, 4 -- 10 cm wide, with spines hairy teeth on edge. Monoecious, male flowers in upright catkin, female flowers single or several was born in involucre. Nuts parcel in dense spikes in involucre, involucre for 5 to 11 cm in diameter, 1-7 nuts inside an involucre. Flowering 5 ~ 6 months; Fruit ripe period 9 ~ 10 months. 生态习性：喜光，光照不足引起枝条枯死或不结果。对土壤要求不严，喜肥沃温润、排水良好的砂质或磔质壤土，对有害气体抗性强。忌积水，忌土壤粘重。 Ecological habits: like light, light caused dead branches or no results. Soil is relaxed, pleasant fertile moist, drainage good cutting loam, sandy or resistance of the harmful gas. Avoid water, avoid heavy soil. 返首页：www.dingzhoumiaomu.com